Fast start-up and reactivation of anammox process using polyurethane sponge

Anammox is a novel and efficient nitrogen removal technique, while the long start-up time limits its industrial application, thus carriers are always utilized to accelerate start-ups. Meanwhile, preservation of anammox bacteria key element in application. Therefore, it also quite significant evaluate effect reactivation process after preservation. Through addition polyurethane sponge upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor (R1), comparing with one without (R2), for was shorten by 28%, reduced 50%. The 4 ℃ did not significantly affect survival bacteria, but decreased their rate (NRR). Moreover, during preservation, decomposed EPS R1 (44%) less compared that R2 (66%). It took 36 days recover NRR (0.084 kg·N·m-3·d-1), 60 R2. At end reactivation, abundance Candidatus (Ca.) Brocadia Ca. Kuenenia (both bacteria) 4.5% 2.7%, respectively, R1, whereas there no identified only 0.2% could short retaining more reactor.